© 2025 GPEnergy. All rights reserved. Patent-pending.
© 2025 GPEnergy. All rights reserved. Patent-pending.
In the Gray Pulse Energy (GPE) prototype, a standard multimeter shows ~34V DC across the motor terminals due to PWM pulsing at 100 Hz with 33% duty cycle on a 36V supply—the meter captures the peak voltage rather than the ~12V average.
The ~2.5V AC reading measures the RMS ripple component from the pulsing waveform, confirming the effective average DC voltage (~12V) for the load, not over-unity. Use a true RMS multimeter for accuracy; oscilloscope visualizes the 36V peaks and off periods.
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